Astitha, M., Kioutsioukis, I., Fisseha, G.A., Bianconi, R., Bieser, J., Christensen, J.H., Cooper, O.R., Galmarini, S., Hogrefe, C., Im, U. et al. (2018). ‘Seasonal ozone
Archives: FAQs
International Cooperation: What are the potential benefits of further international cooperation to address intercontinental transport of air pollution and how might this cooperation be structured?
O3, PM, Hg, and POPs are significant environmental problems in many regions of the world. Mitigation of intercontinental transport is not a substitute for emission
Needed Science: What efforts are needed to develop a system of observations, emissions, and models to better understand and track these flows?
Our current understanding of the magnitude of intercontinental flows of air pollution is sufficient to conclude that such flows have a significant impact on environmental
Model Uncertainty: How well can we represent the processes that affect these intercontinental or global flows of air pollutants in quantitative models?
Our ability to represent the processes that drive intercontinental or global flows of air pollutants in quantitative, predictive models varies across the different pollutants of
Drivers: What are the main processes that drive these intercontinental flows and determine their magnitudes?
The intercontinental transport of air pollution is driven by several processes including atmospheric circulation, the global distribution of emissions, chemical and physical transformations, and interactions
Projections: How may the source-receptor relationships change over the next 20 to 40 years due to changes in emissions and climate change?
In Europe, changes in emissions outside Europe and global methane concentrations will largely drive future annual average O3 levels. Without additional controls, global methane emissions
Contribution to Impacts: What is the contribution of intercontinental or global flows to impacts on human health, natural and agricultural ecosystems, and near-term climate change?
The intercontinental transport of O3, PM, Hg, and POPs contribute to serious public health problems and damage to natural and agricultural ecosystems in many parts
Past Trends: How have the contribution of and sensitivity to anthropogenic emissions sources outside Europe and North America changed over time?
The current levels of intercontinental transport and hemispheric baseline concentrations of O3 and PM are a result of emissions that, on a global basis, increased
Current Contribution: What do current models tell us about the contribution of intercontinental or global flows to concentrations and deposition in Europe, North America, and other regions of the Northern Hemisphere?
For O3, a large fraction of the observed concentrations is due to non-anthropogenic emission sources, including precursor emissions from vegetation, fires, lightning, and soils, and
Observations: What is the observational evidence for the intercontinental transport of O3, PM, Hg, and POPs in the Northern Hemisphere?
Observations from instruments and collectors on the ground, connected to balloons, in aircraft, or on satellites provide a wealth of evidence that concentrations and deposition